Xochimilco is more than just a tourist destination filled with trajineras and vibrant festivities. This place, with a history dating back to pre-Hispanic times, holds a wealth of interesting facts that reveal its cultural, ecological, and social significance. Here are some of the most intriguing facts about Xochimilco.
1. The Length of the Canals
Xochimilco is famous for its canals, the last remnants of the vast lake system that once covered much of the Valley of Mexico. These canals stretch over 126 miles, making them one of the largest water systems within an urban area in the world. Along these canals, the trajineras navigate, carrying locals and tourists eager to enjoy the beauty and charm of this place.
2. The Depth of the Lake
Although today the canals of Xochimilco are relatively shallow, with an average depth of 5 feet, in pre-Hispanic times, the lake of Xochimilco was much deeper and more extensive. This shallow depth today allows the chinampas, or “floating gardens,” to remain stable and continue to be used for agriculture.
3. The Number of Trajineras
Xochimilco is known for its trajineras, those colorful boats that carry visitors along the canals. Currently, it is estimated that there are around 2,000 registered trajineras operating in Xochimilco. Each of these trajineras is unique, with many of them bearing the names of women in honor of the tradition of the local boatmen.
4. The Axolotl: The Most Famous Resident
The axolotl is an endemic species of the Xochimilco canals and is known for its ability to regenerate parts of its body, such as limbs or even parts of its brain. This fascinating amphibian, which can look like a small water dragon, has captured the imagination of scientists and nature lovers alike. However, the axolotl is critically endangered, and Xochimilco remains one of the few places in the world where it can be found in the wild.
5. The Chinampas: A Marvel of Pre-Hispanic Engineering
The chinampas, those agricultural islands floating in the canals, are a testament to the advanced engineering of pre-Hispanic civilizations. Currently, it is estimated that around 5,000 acres of active chinampas remain in Xochimilco. These areas are still used for the cultivation of flowers, vegetables, and herbs, and are a living example of sustainable agricultural practices.
6. A Living Cultural Heritage
In addition to being a stunning natural site, Xochimilco is a place where Mexican traditions remain alive. From festivals like the Flower Fair in April to the Day of the Dead celebrations, Xochimilco is an epicenter of Mexican culture. The site attracts both tourists and local residents who seek to reconnect with their roots and enjoy the hospitality and warmth of this unique place.
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